MR-proADM Biomarker Predicts COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes: a US-based Cohort Study

Background. Mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) is a biomarker released following endothelial damage. Our study aimed to investigate baseline MR-proADM as a predictor of a wider range of clinical outcomes of varying severity in patients admitted with COVID-19 from a US-based multicenter trial. Outcomes Within 28 days Stratified by Binary MR-proADM(Cutoff 0.87 Nmol/L), Number of Events (percentage) Values expressed as percentages (%) indicate either the proportion of the total population or the respective MR-proADM stratum. Statistical significance between MR-proADM strata was determined by the chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test when applicable. P-Values were not corrected for multiple testing. Methods. Data from the Boston Area COVID-19 Consortium Bay Tocilizumab Trial (NCT04356937) was used in this study. Patients with biomarker determinations, and not admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) on admission, were included. MR-proADM cutoff of 0.87 nmol/L was assessed in predicting clinical outcomes. Results. Out of 182 patients, 11.0% weremechanically ventilated or dead within 28 days. Of patients withMR-proADM>0.87 nmol/L, 21.1% were mechanically ventilated or dead within 28 days, versus 4.5% of those <=0.87 nmol/L (p< 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity,NPV, and PPV ofMR-proADMcut-off of 0.87 nmol/L in predictingmechanical ventilation or death were 75%, 65%, 95%, and 21% respectively, with an AUCof 0.76, outperforming other biomarkers. Specifically, MR-proADM outperformed plasma IL-6 in predictingmechanical ventilation and death.MR-proADMwas independently associated withmechanical ventilation or death, ICU admission, prolonged hospitalization beyond day 4, and worsening on the COVID-19 ordinal scale. Conclusion. MR-proADM functions as a valuable prognostic biomarker in predicting clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19, outperforming other commonly utilized biomarkers. (Table Presented).

Histoplasmosis in a Patient with Sarcoidosis

Introduction/Background Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory multisystemic disorder that is characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas. The lung is the most frequently involved organ, but any other organ can be involved. Infection with histoplasmosis in the setting of sarcoidosis has been described in a few case reports and represents a diagnostic challenge. Objective(s) We present a case of a 36-year-old male with remote history of sarcoidosis who presents to the emergency deportment for shortness of breath for four weeks with fevers. Patient was on chronic maintenance steroids (10 mg prednisone daily). Initially found to be hypoxemic requiring five liters of oxygen via nasal cannula. Chest X-ray showed bilateral interstitial infiltrates, COVID PCR and influenza A and B antigen swap were negative, laboratory workup demonstrated leukocytosis WBC 17 x10(9)/L with neutrophilic predominance 95%. Patient was initially started on piperacillin/tazobactam in addition to methylprednisolone 80 mg three times per day. Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showed no organisms on gram and acid fast stains (AFP), cytology exam revealed no evidence of dysplastic or neoplastic process. Fluid cultures and transbronchial biopsies were obtained. On day five, blood and respiratory cultures obtained on the first day remained negative, respiratory status improved and patient required 2 L O2 through nasal cannula. Patient was discharged on levofloxacin and prednisone 60 mg daily. Two days after discharge, patient returned to the ED with subjective fevers and worsening hypoxia requiring oxygen through high flow nasal cannula of 60 L/min and FiO2 60% and was admitted to the ICU. Nasal swap PCR for common respiratory viruses was negative. Chest CT angiography was negative for pulmonary embolism but showed diffuse worsening bilateral reticulonodular opacities with minimal bilateral perihilar consolidation. Urine histoplasma capsulatum antigen was elevated at >15.0 ng/mL and a diagnosis of severe pulmonary histoplasmosis was suggested. Patient was started on amphotericin B 450 mg IV daily with high dose of methylprednisolone 80 mg three times daily and treatment was continued for five days. Transbronchial biopsies and PAS fungal stains obtained in the first admission resulted and showed rare intracellular structures highly suggestive of Histoplasma. Patient demonstrated clinical recovery and required 2 L O2 on day five of hospitalization. Patient was discharged with plan to complete a course of 14 days of amphotericin B followed by 12 weeks of oral Iitraconazole. Methods Sarcoidosis patients have dysregulated cell mediated immunity due to reduced number of T-cells, steroid treatment can further cause immunosuppression, infections with endemic mycosis such as histoplasmosis should be excluded carefully in these patients. Clinicians should be aware of the similarities in clinical and radiological presentations between sarcoidosis and histoplasmosis, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment can lead to significant mortality and morbidity.

Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation and ADME of Some Plant Extracts and their Effects on COVID-19 Patients

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the recently discovered coronavirus and affects several countries worldwide. Some medications may alleviate or minimize some of the disease symptoms, but no drug have been proven to prevent or cure it. However, this study was aimed at investigating the role of some medicinal plants as potent inhibitors of COVID-19 main protease (MPro). More than 250 plant extracts with antiviral activity were exploited for their potential SARS-CoV2 medication using molecular docking. The conformational stability of the compounds extracted from the plants with MPro interactions was evaluated using molecular dynamics simulations. Then, the plant extracts with the highest binding energies were used for treatments by administering them to 50 COVID-19 patients, while the other 50 cases received only the drug without the plant extracts. The results of the theoretical analysis revealed high binding energies for seven compounds. Alliin stabilized COVID-19’s MPro while retaining critical connections and remained stable throughout the simulations. Marrubin and thymoquinone are also capable of protein stabilization over the simulated time. The test plants were observed to be effective against the virus in the COVID-19 patients, with a disease symptom improvement response rate of 78-86 and 60-72% for the first and second groups, respectively. Also, the percentage of oxygen increased from the second day after taking the extracts. Ground-glass opacity disappeared from the second group that received the plant extracts. The findings of this study suggest that these compounds have a great potential for therapeutic activity if isolated and administered alone.

CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYELOID LEUKAEMIA TREATED WITH VENETOCLAX COMBINATION THERAPY: REAL-WORLD EXPERIENCE IN BOTH FRONTLINE AND RELAPSED/REFRACTORY SETTINGS

Background: Venetoclax (Ven) in combination with hypomethylating agents, such as azacitidine (Aza) and low dose cytarabine (LDAC) has been shown to be effective therapy in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and has become standard of care for newly-diagnosed patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy (DiNardo et al., 2020;Wei et al., 2019;Pollyea et al., 2020). Efficacy has also been shown in the relapsed/refractory (R/R) setting in more limited data sets (Báez-Gutiérrez et al., 2021;Pollyea et al., 2020, Stahl et al., 2020;DiNardo et al., 2019). Ven combination therapy has become widely used in newly-diagnosed patients in the UK since its approval during the COVID-19 pandemic as an alternative to intensive chemotherapy and subsequently for patients unfit for intensive therapy. Aims: We describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AML or high risk myelodysplastic syndrome (HRMDS) receiving Ven combinations in frontline and R/R settings to provide real-world insight into their use in UK clinical practice. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of all patients with AML or HR-MDS who received Ven combination therapy at University College London Hospital between April 2020 and September 2021. Patient demographics, treatment history and bone marrow results were obtained from electronic health care and laboratory records. Disease stratification and response assessments were made as per European LeukemiaNet (ELN) criteria (Döhner et al., 2017). Results: At the time of analysis, 95 patients received Ven combinations (61 as frontline treatment and 34 for R/R AML), with a median follow up of 14 months. The majority of patients in both groups had adverse risk ELN classification (70.5% of frontline patients, 64.7% of R/R) and received Ven-Aza (100% frontline and 91.1% R/R) (Table 1). The median ages were 72 and 59 years respectively. The incidence of composite CR/CRi was 70.5% in the frontline setting, with median duration of response (DoR) of 8.3 months and overall survival (OS) of 7.1 months. In R/R AML, the CR/CRi rate was 64.7%, median DoR 10.5 months and median OS 9.8 months. Four out of the 43 patients who achieved CR/CRi (9.3%) following frontline treatment and 9 of the 22 R/R (40.9%) patients proceeded to allogeneic stem cell transplant (alloSCT) post induction. The median survival for all patients who underwent alloSCT is not reached in this analysis. The highest CR/CRi rates were observed in intermediate risk patients (90.9% in frontline treatment, 71.4% in R/R), with lower rates in both favourable (80% and 66.7%) and adverse risk patients (65.1% and 59.1% respectively). The presence of NPM1 and IDH1/2 mutations were associated with high CR/CRi rates in both the frontline (85.7% and 84.6% respectively) and R/R groups (100% and 81.8%), with below average response rates seen in TP53 mutated AML (62% in frontline, 40% in R/R). Notable responses were seen in patients with RUNX1 mutations in both settings (77.8% frontline, 66.6% R/R). Summary/Conclusion: Our data describes real world effectiveness for venetoclax combinations as both frontline and salvage therapy in UK clinical practice, similar to that seen in clinical trials. This further contributes to our understanding of these therapies, in particular their use as a viable treatment option in R/R patients and as a bridge to alloSCT, and highlights the importance of further characterisation of genetic predictors of response to inform treatment decisions in real-world practice.

Developing germophobia questionnaire: a pilot study on psychometric characteristics

Background and Aim: The World Health Organization has recently identified COVID-19 as a pandemic. The outbreak of the disease has caused many people around the world to become extremely frightened and they show phobic signs. The purpose of the present study was to develop and normalize of Germophobia Questionnaire (GPQ). Methods & Materials: The participants were 113 individuals (74-female) of the Iranian population. They completed the GPQ and Y-BOCS. Ethical Considerations: All ethical principles and privacy policies of the results informed the participants. This study was approved in the second session of the Psychological Committee of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran's province in March 2020.

Correlation between CT chest severity score (CT-SS) and ABO blood group system in Egyptian patients with COVID-19

Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global health crisis. CT chest is considered as an important investigation for early diagnosis as well as assessment of severity of COVID-19 pneumonia. Several articles reported that there is a correlation between ABO blood group system and susceptibility as well as prognosis of the disease. In our study we correlated the CT severity score (CT-SS) and the ABO blood group in patients with COVID-19 infection. This study involved 547 symptomatic patients with pathologically proven COVID-19 infection (positive PCR);non contrast CT chest was done for all cases and CT severity score (CT-SS) was calculated followed by its correlation with the patients’ ABO blood group. Aim of the work was to evaluate the relation between CT-SS and the ABO blood groups in Egyptian patients with COVID-19 infection. Results: The mean CT-SS in patients with blood group A patients (n = 153;28%) was 13.7 (moderate severity), while in patients with blood group O (n = 227;41.5%) the mean CT-SS was 6.7 (mild severity). In blood group B patients (n = 139;25.4%) the mean CT-SS was 9.1 (mild to moderate severity) and in blood group AB patients (n = 28;5.1%) the mean CT-SS was 9.7 (mild to moderate severity). Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with blood group A are more prone to aggressive CT findings (higher CT-SS) and consequently may be susceptible to increased risk of mortality compared to the patients with other blood groups;however, patients with blood group O are suggested to have the least CT-SS and appear to be relatively protected.

Red blood cell distribution width: a new predictor of disease severity in COVID-19 patients

Importance Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the main global health problem nowadays. It is the primary cause of many deaths all over the world, as well as associated with many morbidities and consumption of medical resources. Objective To assess the relation between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) level in the blood of COVID-19-infected patients on one side and various criteria of disease severity and mortality risk on the other side, to help answer the question, 'can we use RDW as a predictor of COVID-19 disease severity?' Patients and methods This study included 184 adult patients (98 males and 86 females) with positive nasopharyngeal swab for acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection diagnosed at Mansoura University Hospitals. Patients underwent clinical, laboratory, and radiological evaluation of COVID-19 cases with close follow-up till complete cure or death. Cases were divided according to the disease severity into four groups (six mild cases, 45 moderate cases, 48 severe cases, and 85 critical cases). We compared RDW level at the time of hospitalization in the four groups. Results A highly significant difference (P≤0.001) was found between mean RDW in mild and moderate groups compared with severe and critical groups. Moreover, there was a positive linear correlation between RDW level and disease severity (P≤0.001). RDW level more than 13.65 could predict severe disease with 79.2% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity. RDW level more than 13.85 could predict critical disease with 78.8% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity. Mean RDW was significantly lower in cured cases compared with those died owing to COVID-19 complications (P=0.004). RDW level more than 13.95 could predict increased mortality risk, with 73.5% sensitivity and 52.5% specificity. Conclusion Higher RDW levels in COVID-19-infected patients, upon hospital admission, were associated with increased disease severity and mortality risk.

Telemedicine Among Oral Medicine Practitioners During COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Future Impact on the Specialty.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic necessitated widespread changes in delivery of dental care. Telemedicine utilization increased overnight during this pandemic because of its ability to enhance access to oral healthcare, easily link to remote area, time management, low cost, etc. We aimed to identify the utilization of telemedicine among oral medicine practitioners in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic and identify future impacts, potential challenges and barriers hindering the implementation of telemedicine. METHODS: The present cross-sectional electronically self-administered supplement-based survey Supplement Based Survey study was conducted among different professional levels of oral medicine involving consultants, specialists, and residents. The supplement includes demographic data, the current use of telemedicine, participant's perspective on future implications, and potential barriers and limitations of telemedicine. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha (α) to assess how closely related a set of items in our study. RESULTS: Of the total (N = 75) oral healthcare professionals, 52% were male, 70.7% were Saudi, 45.3% were consultant, 42.7% had 1-5 years of experience, 82.7% were practicing in urban areas, 93.3% stated COVID-19 affected their clinics, consultation was the major reason for the use of telemedicine before (50.7%) and during (72%) COVID-19 outbreak, 57.3% were communicating with their patients, 97.33% had not experienced any cyber risk, and 45% patients were satisfied with the telemedicine service; our data showed a high level of homogeneity (α = 0.82). The poor knowledge and training on telemedicine technologies may substantially (p < 0.05) impact the future implications of telemedicine in oral medicine practice. CONCLUSION: Telemedicine could be a useful adjunct for oral medicine practice, especially for remote diagnosis, consultation, referral, training and education. Our study emphasizes an urgent need to increase the awareness and education on how to utilize and practice telemedicine technologies among medical staff to maximize the efficiency.

Ogilvie's syndrome in a Patient with Parkinson's Disease and COVID-19 Disease

Background and aims: Ogilvie's syndrome or Acute Colonic Pseudo-obstruction (ACP) is a rare condition that presents with colorectal distension in the absence of any mechanical obstruction. Unrecognized and untreated, it may lead to bowel perforation and ischemia. We report a case of ACP in a patient with Parkinson's disease (PD) and COVID-19 disease. Methods: A 78-year-old male with an eight-year history of PD, hypertension, diabetes and recent diagnosis of Covid19 (∼2 weeks prior), presented with a one-month history of abdominal pain, distension and constipation. His exam was significant for a distended and tympanitic abdomen without peritoneal signs. X-rays showed colonic distention with predominant aerocoly at the left colic angle without any identifiable organic obstacle. Labs revealed mild hypokalemia. Presentation was thought to be consistent with ACP. Initial treatment included stopping anti-PD drugs and electrolyte repletion. A trial of atropine failed to relieve the obstruction and resulted in transient bradycardia while colonoscopic decompression was successful and showed no underlying mucosal lesion. Results: ACP can be related to multiple etiologies such as diseases of centra l autonomic and enteric nervous systems (PD), or metabolic diseases (Diabetes Mellitus) and can be idiopathic in 5.5%of the cases. It is well established that electrolyte imbalances and certain medications including antiparkinsonians especially Levodopa, calcium blockers decrease gastrointestinal tract motility and may contribute to ACP. Conclusion: Our case highlights the importance of recognizing ACP in PD patients and fast initiation of symptomatic treatment in order to prevent catastrophic complications. The exact pathophysiology and cause of ACP remain unresolved. (Figure Presented).

Lumbosciatalgia as the first manifestation of COVID-19 infection

Background and aims: The clinical course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-19) ranges from asymptomatic infection to severe acute respiratory failure with multi-organ involvement. The disease can cause extra pulmonary complications such as neurological disorders which are increasingly reported in the literature. Methods: We included in our retrospective study five patients, three women and 2 men. Clinical ,biologicall and radiological data were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the beginning of symptoms was 44.6 years old. All of them had lumbosciatalgia as the first manifestation. Lumbosciatalgia was isolated in one case and associated with other signs in four cases. The SARSCOV- 19 infection was confirmed by real-time reverse transcription (PCR). Spinal cord MRI was normal in all cases. All patients received symptomatic treatment with positive outcome. Conclusion: Lumbosciatalgia can be the inaugural symptom of SARS-COV-19. This diagnosis should be considered in patient with lumbosciatalgia in our epidemiologic context.

SARS-CoV-2 and cerebrovascular disease: Casual or Causal Role?

Background and aims: Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is currently the major public health concern worldwide with systemic complications, including thrombotic and hemorrhagic neurological manifestations. Methods: We report a series of patients admitted in the stroke unit of neurology department of the Military Hospital of Tunis in November 2020, presented with cerebrovascular symptoms as an initial presentation of SARS-CoV-2. Clinical characteristics and outcome of the patients are described. Results: Seven patients were included. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 was diagnosed through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of tracheal aspirate and a chest computed tomography (CT) scan. The main cerebrovascular manifestations are: acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in five patients, intracerebral hemorrhage in one case, with a left capsulo thalamic localization. One patient presented with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in the left sigmoid sinus. All patients with AIS received antiplatelet therapy and statins. Treatment of COVID-19 infection with antibiotics, vitamins and preventive anticoagulant has been initiated. three patients developed dyspnea and oxygen desaturation with need of Oxygen support by face mask. One patient was transferred to the intensive care unit and required intubation, and one patient died after two days. The patient with CVT was started on full anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin relayed by oral anticoagulants. After one week, she was stabilized. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 is a major risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. Better understanding of these complications is urgent in order to improve the management of these patients.

Neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19: A Tunisian study

Background and aims: Various neurological manifestations have been reported in association with the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) and may be the initial or only presentations of the disease. Even, the virus increased risk of exacerbations of chronic neurological disorders. Methods: We conducted a prospective study in the department of neurology of the Military Hospital of Tunis from September 2020 to December 2020 including patients hospitalized for COVID-19 with neurological manifestations. The diagnosis was made by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of nasal swab specimens. Results: 14 patients were included. Cerebrovascular complications of COVID-19 were: acute ischemic stroke (n=5), cerebral hemorrhage (n=1) and cerebral venous thrombosis of the sigmoid sinus (n=1). Two patients with previously stable myasthenia gravis had myasthenic exacerbation and one of them required intubation for hypoxemic respiratory failure. Decompensation of chronic neuroinflammatory disorders was observed in two cases: relapse of multiple sclerosis (n=1) and Neuro-Behçet's disease (n=1). One patient followed for epilepsy was hospitalized for uncontrolled seizure following infection with COVID-19, and two patients had clinical findings of encephalitis including confusion, headache and fever. The outcome was favorable for 12 patients who received symptomatic treatment of COVID-19 along with treatment for their disease. Two patients with ischemic stroke were died. Conclusion: In the current pandemic context, physicians should be aware of the broad spectrum of neurological signs of COVID-19 for early diagnosis and management of patients.

MODELING COVID-19 DAILY CASES IN EGYPT

The present COVID-19 virus outbreak has started in the Wuhan area of China and is expanding worldwide. This lethal epidemic had an immense impact on millions of citizens and provided some political and social response. The outcome of any research investigation in this area remains to be decided. However, it is essential to assess the epidemic dynamics to correctly predict the quarantine operations and safeguard individuals at least at an appropriate stage. In big data science and other relevant fields, it is essential to have the best possible overview of data. To accomplish this, we researched the COVID-19 pandemic dynamics in Egypt to include a structure for effective quarantines. Guidelines for studying pandemic processes have been clarified and can be used to arrive at hypotheses. The statistical model is a significant development in describing the COVID-19 daily cases in Egypt.

Modeling the elective vascular surgery recovery after coronavirus disease 2019: Implications for moving forward.

OBJECTIVE: The delays in elective surgery caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have resulted in a substantial backlog of cases. In the present study, we sought to determine the estimated time to recovery for vascular surgery procedures delayed by the COVID-19 pandemic in a regional health system. METHODS: Using data from a 35-hospital regional vascular surgical collaborative consisting of all hospitals performing vascular surgery in the state of Michigan, we estimated the number of delayed surgical cases for adults undergoing carotid endarterectomy, carotid stenting, endovascular and open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, and lower extremity bypass. We used seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average models to predict the surgical volume in the absence of the COVID-19 pandemic and historical data to predict the elective surgical recovery time. RESULTS: The median statewide monthly vascular surgical volume for the study period was 439 procedures, with a maximum statewide monthly case volume of 519 procedures. For the month of April 2020, the elective vascular surgery procedural volume decreased by ∼90%. Significant variability was seen in the estimated hospital capacity and estimated number of backlogged cases, with the recovery of elective cases estimated to require ∼8 months. If hospitals across the collaborative were to share the burden of backlogged cases, the recovery could be shortened to ∼3 months. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study of vascular surgical volume in a regional health collaborative, elective surgical procedures decreased by 90%, resulting in a backlog of >700 cases. The recovery time if all hospitals in the collaborative were to share the burden of backlogged cases would be reduced from 8 months to 3 months, underscoring the necessity of regional and statewide policies to minimize patient harm by delays in recovery for elective surgery.

The initial experience and response of vascular surgeons in Michigan during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The unprecedented pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus has severely impacted the delivery of healthcare services in the United States and around the world, and has exposed a variety of inefficiencies in healthcare infrastructure. Some states have been disproportionately affected such as New York and Michigan. In fact, Detroit and its surrounding areas have been named as the initial Midwest epicenter where over 106,000 cases have been confirmed in April 2020. METHOD, RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Facilities in Southeast Michigan have served as the frontline of the pandemic in the Midwest and in order to cope with the surge, rapid, and in some cases, complete restructuring of care was mandatory to effect change and attempt to deal with the emerging crisis. We describe the initial experience and response of 4 large vascular surgery health systems in Michigan to COVID-19.

Management of chronic myeloid leukemia with sever covid 19: A case report

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a pandemic viral disease that can cause devastating complications such as acute respiratory disease, especially in patients with comorbidities. We do not know yet full pictures of this disease, especially in hematological malignancies. Here, we present management of a 57-year-old male with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia, tested positive for COVID-19, then complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Unleashing the mysterious link between COVID-19 and a famous childhood vasculitis: Kawasaki disease

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged as a small outbreak in Wuhan rapidly progressing into the deadliest pandemic since the Spanish flu of 1918. The disease was deemed trivial in children, until the reporting, few days ago, of an emerging pediatric multi-inflammatory syndrome mimicking Kawasaki disease (KD). Main body: This report reveals that coronaviridae were implicated in induction of several post-infectious vasculitides, namely, KD, AHEI, and HSP. This occurs in genetically susceptible individuals to vascular inflammation. Shared genetic susceptibilities between KD and CoV include genes encoding for CD 40, HLAB-15:03, and ACE. This leads to augmented inflammation with hypersecretion of cytokines especially IL-6. Conclusion(s): The revealed relationships between KD and CoV can help to predict the risk of KD in COVID-19 patients through screening levels of upregulated cytokines. It might also signify that classic treatment of KD with IVIG might need to be replaced with anti-cytokine therapy in COVID-19 patients. Copyright © 2020, The Author(s).